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Types of Ground Power Units

On this page you can read about the main types of Ground Power Units (GPUs), selecting the right GPU, advantages of modern GPU, and best practice for maintenance of GPUs.

Understanding Ground Power Units: Essential Aviation Support Equipment

Ground power units (GPUs) are vital equipment in the aviation industry, providing critical power to parked aircraft when their engines are turned off. These essential systems supply the necessary electricity to maintain aircraft systems during maintenance, pre-flight checks, and between flights, eliminating the need for aircraft to run their auxiliary power units (APUs), which saves fuel and reduces emissions.

 

As the leading supplier of ground support equipment, ITW GSE offer a comprehensive range of GPUs designed to meet the needs of modern aviation operations. Our product lineup includes solutions for all environments — from the Arctic to the desert — ensuring reliable performance in any climate.

Main Types of Ground Power Units

Understanding the different types of ground power units is crucial for selecting the right equipment for your specific aviation needs. Let's explore the main categories:

By Power Output Type

400 Hz AC GPUs

These units provide 400 Hz alternating current power, the standard for most commercial aircraft:

  • 115/200V 3-phase AC power
  • Suitable for commercial passenger aircraft
  • Available in various capacity ratings from 30 kVA to 180 kVA
  • Compatible with point-of-use and centralized power systems

28V DC GPUs

These units deliver 28 volt direct current power required by many smaller aircraft and military applications:

  • 28V DC output matching aircraft battery systems
  • Common for business jets, regional aircraft, and military applications
  • Available in solid-state and battery-powered configurations
  • Capacity options to match diverse aircraft requirements

Combination Units

Our product range includes combination units that can deliver both 400 Hz AC and 28V DC power:

  • Flexible power delivery for mixed fleets
  • Space-saving design reducing apron equipment footprint
  • Simplified maintenance with unified systems
  • Optimized investment for diverse operational needs

 

itw gse 2400 compact

By Mobility Type

Mobile Ground Power Units

Mobile GPUs offer flexibility for changing operational needs:

  • Fully mobile design with tow bars or integrated wheels
  • Quick deployment anywhere on the airfield
  • Ideal for remote stands or contingency operations
  • Available in diesel, electric (with cable), and battery-powered versions

Fixed Electrical Ground Power Units

Fixed units are permanently installed at gates or in hangars:

  • Integrated into airport infrastructure
  • Maximum reliability with protected installation
  • Zero apron congestion with under-jetway or in-ground systems
  • Optimized for high-usage positions with continuous operation

Vehicle-Mounted GPUs

These specialized units are integrated into service vehicles:

  • Rapid response capability for aircraft in any location
  • Combined functionality with other ground service equipment
  • Efficient use of airport resources with multi-function vehicles
  • Enhanced operational flexibility for busy airfields

By Power Source

Electric GPUs

Electric ground power units convert electrical power from the grid into the correct voltage and frequency required by aircraft. Benefits include:

  • Zero local emissions during operation
  • Lower operational noise levels
  • Reduced maintenance requirements compared to diesel units
  • Lower operating costs over the long term
  • Consistent power quality with fewer fluctuations

Our solid-state electric GPUs represent the cleanest and most efficient option for fixed installations at gates or in hangars.

Diesel-Powered GPUs

At ITW GSE, we no longer offer diesel units, as the units require regular engine maintenance, fuel supply management, and produce emissions that may be restricted in certain environments. Instead, our vision is to supply the aviation industry with the cleanest, most reliable and cost-efficient GSE systems.

Battery-Powered eGPUs

Our innovative battery-powered eGPUs represent the latest advancement in ground power technology:

  • Fully mobile with zero local emissions
  • No noise pollution during operation
  • Ideal for remote areas with no fixed power infrastructure
  • Perfect for hangars where emissions must be minimized
  • Subscription options available through our "Power by the Hour" program

These units combine the mobile advantages of diesel units with the environmental benefits of electric units, making them an ideal solution for modern airports focused on sustainability.

Selecting the Right Ground Power Unit

When choosing a ground power unit for your operation, several critical factors should be considered:

Aircraft Type Compatibility

Different aircraft require specific power specifications:

Aircraft Category Typical Power Requirements Recommended GPU Type
Commercial Wide-body 400 Hz AC, 90-180 kVA Fixed installations, high-capacity mobile units
Commercial Narrow-body 400 Hz AC, 60-90 kVA Fixed or mobile 400 Hz units
Regional Jets 400 Hz AC or 28V DC Combination units or dedicated systems
Business Jets 28V DC DC GPUs with appropriate capacity
Military Aircraft 400 Hz AC, 28V DC, or 270V DC Specialized units matching exact requirements

Operational Environment

Your specific operational context will influence the optimal GPU choice:

  • Airport gates: Fixed electrical units or mobile electric GPUs
  • Remote stands: battery eGPUs
  • Hangars: Electric or battery units to minimize emissions
  • Military deployments: robust mobile units for harsh conditions
  • Temporary operations: mobile units with quick setup capability

Power Reliability and Quality

Modern aircraft systems demand clean, consistent power:

  • Solid-state technology ensures precise frequency and voltage control
  • Real-time monitoring detects and prevents potential issues
  • Power conditioning protects sensitive aircraft avionics

Our GPU systems incorporate the latest advances in power electronics to deliver the cleanest, most reliable power to aircraft.

Environmental Considerations

As airports face increasing pressure to reduce emissions and noise:

  • Battery-powered eGPUs offer zero local emissions
  • Solid-state electric units minimize carbon footprint
  • Intelligent Power Management (IPM) optimizes energy consumption
  • Reduced noise levels improve working conditions for ground staff

Our clean ground power solutions help airports meet environmental targets while maintaining operational efficiency.

Our GPU systems incorporate the latest advances in power electonics to deliver the cleanest, most reliable, and cost effective power to aircraft, helping airports meet environmental targets, while maintaining operational efficiency.

Advantages of Modern Ground Power Units

The latest generation of ground power units offers significant advantages over older technology:

Enhanced Efficiency

Modern GPUs deliver substantial efficiency improvements:

  • Reduced energy consumption with advanced power electronics
  • Optimized conversion efficiency minimizing losses
  • Smart load management adjusting to aircraft demand
  • Idle mode operation conserving energy between servicing

Improved Reliability

Reliability is critical for airport operations:

  • Extended mean time between failures (MTBF)
  • Simplified maintenance procedures
  • Comprehensive diagnostic systems
  • Redundant critical components

Our GPUs are tested in extreme conditions worldwide, ensuring dependable operation in any environment from Arctic cold to desert heat.

Lower Total Cost of Ownership

Modern GPU technology translates to economic advantages:

  • Reduced maintenance requirements
  • Lower energy consumption
  • Extended service life
  • Decreased downtime
  • Minimal service parts inventory

Our cost-efficient designs focus on minimizing your total cost of ownership while maximizing operational availability.

Environmental Benefits

Current GPU technology offers significant environmental improvements:

  • Reduced carbon emissions
  • Lower noise pollution
  • Elimination of localized air pollution
  • Compatibility with renewable energy sources

Maintenance Best Practices for Ground Power Units

Proper maintenance ensures optimal GPU performance and longevity:

Regular Preventative Maintenance

Following manufacturer-recommended service intervals is essential:

  • Scheduled inspection programs
  • Proactive component replacement
  • Performance verification testing
  • Software updates and calibration

Operator Training

Well-trained personnel are vital for proper GPU operation:

  • Correct connection procedures
  • Operational parameter monitoring
  • Basic troubleshooting capability
  • Emergency shutdown protocols

Our user-friendly interface design minimizes training requirements and reduces the potential for human error.

Our Ground Power Unit Solutions

We offer a comprehensive range of ground power units, all designed with our core values of clean, reliable, and cost-efficient operation:

Solid-State Ground Power Units

Our solid-state GPU range includes:

  • 400 Hz converters in various capacity ratings
  • 28V DC power supplies for smaller aircraft
  • Combination units for versatile application
  • Fixed installation options for permanent positions
  • Mobile configurations for flexible deployment

Battery-Powered eGPUs

Our innovative battery-powered ground power units offer:

Selecting Your Idean Ground Power Unit

Choosing the right ground power unit is crucial for efficient, reliable aircraft servicing. By understanding the different types available and considering your specific operational requirements, you can select a solution that optimizes performance while minimizing costs and environmental impact.

Our expert team is ready to help you assess your needs and recommend the ideal ground power solution. With decades of experience supplying the aviation industry with clean, reliable, and cost-efficient ground support equipment, we deliver systems that keep your aircraft powered reliably while supporting your environmental and operational goals.

Contact us today to discuss your ground power requirements and discover how our innovative solutions can enhance your aviation operations.

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